Cognitive Warfare The Battlefield of the Mind.
War is war regardless if it is kinetic or non-kinetic in nature, it is designed for the destruction of the opposing party. The evolution of how wars are fought is and will always be about the “capabilities race” as nations react to new developments by attempting to counter and or improve upon one another’s discoveries. Today’s world of wars is no longer about digging trenches, dropping bombs, and simply managing perceptions. Fifth generational warfare has swiftly moved into a robust and ever more dangerous sixth generation warfare, aiming not only to modify the perceptions of individuals and nations but to remotely alter and control human behavior. In today’s edition, we will unpack the rapid advancements of 6G Warfare and how the multifaceted Hybrid Threat Toolkits are at the forefront of the battles utilizing Cognitive Warfare (CW) and Human Autonomy Teaming (HAT). These new toolkits are no longer solely used to undermine nations for national security interests but are now implemented on a micro and nano targeting level working from the ground up to change the minds and behaviors of those within the nation. This edition will set the groundwork for our next edition expanding on how NATO is advancing the use of AI with (HAT) and its cognitive warfare missions. Before moving along today you may want to read a previous blog on Effects Based Operations (EBO). EBO is an essential part of fifth generation warfare that is primarily focused on perception management. 5G Warfare laid the foundations for 6G Warfare and its behavioral management methodology. 5G Warfare and Effects Based Operations (EBO) are more of an input/output framework, input=stimilus (media propaganda) and output=the result (change the state of perceptions). 6G Warfare is 5G on steroids that not only changes the perceptions of the enemy via the I/O but takes it a step further via behavioral modification, all while being conducted remotely.
Here is an image I designed of how 6G Warfare encompases other pillars and toolkits such as CW and HAT. I designed to give an idea about today's blog ns set up the stage for the next edition (HAT).
There is not yet a clear and integrated concept of sixth generation warfare, as it is still in the stage of formalizing. Still, a simplified concept can be given to it as that sixth generation that refers to modern wars that are run remotely and rely on artificial intelligence and high cognitive capabilities, targeting is primarily focused on the state and its political and social stability as well as its national identity and tries to undermine its basic pillars and fragment its unity, secretly or publicly [3]
6G Warfare is the primary methodology here whereas cognitive warfare is a pillar within and further HAT is a tool used to integrate and enhance the effectiveness and of 6G and CW. I decided to add Human Autonomy Teaming (HAT) to the design as it is a main component of integrating technology between 6G Warfare and CW, as well as many other toolkits under the 6G Warfare umbrella. HAT utilizes AI in a way that grants superhuman abilities to those operating and implementing the warfare on their targets. HAT will be discussed in depth in the next blog and it will be a fascinating area to explore and unpack what I have researched up until this point. There are also many other subfields that fall within the 6G Warfare methodology besides the two listed. The two are listed for ease and digestibility as the aim is to not overwhelm the reader with a lexicon of jargon. 6G Warfare relies heavily on advanced technologies such as directed energy weapons, artificial intelligence, information technology, cyber technology, psychology, neurology, nanotechnology, and other areas that aim to destabilize a target causing chaos and destruction from within. Traditionally over the years 6G Warfare was focused on developing radar jamming devices, electromagnetic and ultrasonic weapons along with other technological advancements that were used in a variety of kinetic and non-kinetic forms. The warfields have had a paradigm shift over the years and the same technological advancements are now being used in mind control research and operations settings often on civilians.
The definition of Cognitive Warfare was deliberated through 32 nations and is set as follows, “The deliberate synchronized military and non-military activities through the contimuiimum of competition designed to shape the information environment and effect audience attitude, perceptions, and behaviors the gain maintain and protect cognitive superiority.” It must be known that the definition of CW is not synonymous among the world nor is it within a country. The term may not even align internally with national service personnel from the national definition, this is what makes it so incredibly dangerous. Clausewitz defines war as: an act of force to force the enemy to do our will. Generations of wars are not defined by time and number of years. Rather, they depend on the nature of war itself and its development, which usually accompanies the intellectual and technical development of nations and peoples. [1]. 6G Warfare is considered the latest generation of modern warfare, although it is still fully crystalizing and evolving to its fullest potential. Its features seemed to synthesize gradually, as its essence is based on the idea of remote warfare with different means and renewed goals. 6G Warfare does not only target regular armies, governments, and their structures but also extends to targeting society itself, trying to control the civilian’s choices or push it to influence the nature and shape of its political system as well as targeting the political, societal, and intellectual values and structures themselves through special media, cultural and intellectual tools. [2]
The Development: Generations of War.
First: First Generation War (conventional and regular wars)
These are the wars that take place between two regular armies on one land and in a specific field, in which direct confrontations take place between the two opponents on one front in a confrontational manner.
Second: Second Generation Wars (Guerrilla warfare)
It is a form of irregular warfare in which small groups of combatants, such as armed paramilitaries and civilians or irregulars, employ military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, small warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility, to combat a larger and less mobile conventional army.
Third: Third Generation Wars (Maneuver War)
The third-generation war combines strategic wars, including (nuclear wars or those that use strategic weapons), blitzkrieg wars, or maneuver warfare.
Fourth: Fourth Generation Wars (Asymmetric War)
It is an unconventional war, which can be called an "evolving form of rebellion", which is the opposite of the traditional concept of war, and represents the most radical changes in the patterns of confrontation.
Fifth: Fifth Generation Wars (Hybrid War)
It is called hybrid war, and it is a distinct type of war in which the regular army is unable to overthrow the opponent who is believed to be unprofessional, which he usually is, but he wages irregular war with innovative ideas that are a mixture of the concept of popular war, revolutionary war, guerrilla warfare, and modern means of war that have technology superior that is not subject to a specific form and fixed rules, starting from leadership and ending with the operations taking place during it [3]. the concept of the fifth generation of wars really translates the meaning of “the power of the weak” that force that embodies and multiplies its effectiveness with goals, means and methods that reality has proven successful and effective in confronting strong and asymmetrical forces, but Operations of the fifth generation of wars may become an open field for conflict that arises between governments and armies that carry out their operations without moral restrictions and use all available armed and unarmed means of force to force opponents to submit to the will of those waging war, even if that includes unjustly casualties with the encroachment that accompanies war operations.
Sixth Generation Wars (the generation of remote wars)
The second axis: Sixth generation wars, basic concepts and features
The first requirement: the concept of the sixth generation of war:
Sixth-generation wars use a new type of high-precision weapons and defensive weapons from different bases, based on informatics, forces, and means of electronic warfare managed remotely, and it aims to destroy the military potential of any country, at any distance from the aggressor and cause minimal damage to its social infrastructure. This thus constitutes the transitional period for the wars of a new generation whose main theater of military operations will be space, and it also targets the societal structure itself by pushing society to destroy the system or enter into a contradiction with its institutions, meaning that it aims to achieve the goals of war with the least possible losses by blowing up the enemy from within and pushing him to destroy himself by very advanced means, including the media and cultural and propaganda distortion [4].
1- The sixth-generation wars have become one of the biggest challenges facing the national security of countries.
2- The sixth-generation wars focus on managing the war from a distance and avoiding direct confrontation.
3- The enemy, in the framework of the sixth-generation wars, is mostly distinguished by concealment and avoiding appearing or taking responsibility.
4- The sixth-generation wars mainly aim at striking countries from within by targeting their economic and political stability and social fabric and attacking the human mind.
5- Among the most important targets of the sixth-generation wars is striking the political system, delegitimizing it, and attempting to cause a kind of rebellion and rejection of the political system and its institutions.
6- Sixth-generation wars depend on complete technological superiority in the field of artificial intelligence based on superiority in hypersonic weapons, geo-space weapons, drones, and information and cyber sovereignty.
Sixth-generation wars use a new type of high-precision weapons and defensive weapons from different bases, based on informatics, forces, and means of electronic warfare managed remotely [2]
The second requirement: the basic features of the sixth generation wars:
1- Avoid waging a direct war, as the sixth-generation wars are indirect wars that are managed remotely through the use of electronic means, and the media as a catalyst for war and targeting.
2- The cost: The cost of these wars is less compared to previous wars, and the means of transporting them and pushing them away to their goal across continents, developing and concealing them, their aim is to disrupt the human mind that thinks for society [5]
3- Danger: Sixth-generation wars are considered more deadly to the opponent’s capabilities in the absence of indications of the occurrence of war, as it is a (surprising, mysterious, and perhaps unknown source and direction) of war [5].
4- Responsibility: The most important feature of this war is the evasion of international responsibility, to get rid of legal accountability, whether launching the attack or assembling the particles of war.
5- Excessive reliance on modern technology and artificial intelligence, by employing the geophysical weapon system, the blue ray weapon, the Harv weapon, and very modern spy systems and climate influence systems.
6- It deals with Harv’s weapon to ensure advanced control capabilities, whether to cause phenomena of a manufactured nature such as earthquakes, hurricanes, and climate or to target people with electromagnetic waves.
7- A modern system with high accuracy in espionage, targeting, and cooperation with other institutions, effective remote weapon systems, and it has important goals other than the mission of espionage and space.
8- The attackers can use highly accurate strikes to destroy the enemy anywhere, with the possibility of evading the second strike, with the aim of minimal physical engagement [6].
The third axis: The impact of the sixth generation wars on the national security of states.
The first requirement: Influence on the political and military level and on the status of states:
The most important effects left by the wars of the sixth generation on the national security of countries, including Iraq, of course, on the political and military level and on the level of the status of the state can be summed up in the following points [7]
1- Influencing the legitimacy of the political system, as it targets the political system by questioning its legitimacy and prompting the international and local community to attack it and call for its change.
2- Ultimately undermining the system through rebellion or protest, or creating a gap between the system and society in order to undermine the performance of the system and subdue it.
3- Making a significant difference in the technological content of military capabilities, especially in the field of hypersonic weapons, geospatial weapons, and drones.
4- Bringing countries into a circle of internal violence and creating political and social unrest that will negatively affect their reputation in front of the world.
5- Pushing countries to bargain negatively and give up some of their goals and interests after bringing them into the circle of doubt and frustration in front of their society.
6- Showing the targeted countries as rogue states that oppress their people and thus subject them to certain sanctions that may lead to their disintegration or weak government control over their territories.
In summary, 6G Warfare represents a shift in military strategy towards remote, high-tech, and precise operations aimed at destabilizing nations from within, rather than through direct confrontation. Using advanced tools like artificial intelligence, hypersonic weapons, drones, and information warfare, these wars target a country's political, economic, and social structures, causing internal chaos and undermining public trust in government institutions. The goal is to create significant disruption without traditional physical engagement, often relying on covert actions that evade international accountability. By focusing on psychological manipulation, technological superiority, and media influence, sixth-generation warfare is a new, more insidious form of conflict that challenges the national security of states on multiple fronts.
There are big players in the modern development of 6G Warfare such as Paul Groestad with NATO’s Cogantaive Warfare Concept Development, NATO’s Innovation Hub based in Virginia that started research on the topic, NATO’s Warfare Capstone Coin Concept (NWCP), Nato Science and Technology Association that designated CW as the strategic main area of their focus, and even the FBI Behavioural Analysis Unit BAU, which was founded to profile human behavior designed to target serial killers. The NATO Warfighting Capstone Concept stated in its 2020 report “Future wars will include societal warfare (focused on disrupting and coercing societies) and cognitive warfare (focused on creating civilian disorder), alongside high-end conventional wars and wars fought by proxy.” This screams Gangstalking and community brainwashing of the masses on another level as they are no longer only targeting terrorist regimes and fighting other nations but rather crystalizing and synthesizing synthetically manufactured terrorist within their own nation as they weaponize these programs and warfare tactics against them. Shortly we will discuss techniques and emerging things that will get into how big data and AI are being weaponized for what is known as Micro and Nano Targeting. This is on the individual level where gangstalking takes place and is the reason many are reading this blog today.
NATO’s Cognitive Warfare, a Battle for the Brain
Francois du Cluzel ACT
Norfolk, Virginia
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Francois-pierre.ducluzelderemaurin@act.nato.int
With the growing role of technology and information overload, individual cognitive abilities will no longer be sufficient to ensure informed and timely decision-making, leading to the new concept of Cognitive Warfare, which has become a recurring term in military terminology in recent years. Cognitive Warfare causes an insidious challenge. It disrupts the ordinary understandings and reactions to events in a gradual and subtle way, but with significant harmful effects over time. Cognitive warfare has universal reach, from the individual to states and multinational organizations. It feeds on the techniques of disinformation and propaganda aimed at psychologically exhausting the receptors of information
The instruments of information warfare, along with the addition of “neuro-weapons” adds to future technological perspectives, suggesting that the cognitive field will be one of tomorrow’s battlefields. This perspective is further strengthened in by the rapid advances of NBICs (Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information Technology and Cognitive Sciences) and the understanding of the brain. NATO’s adversaries are already investing heavily in these new technologies.
Hence, the advent of the concept of "cognitive warfare" brings a third major combat dimension to the modern battlefield: to the physical and informational dimensions is now added a cognitive dimension. The latter thus creates a new space of competition, beyond the land, maritime, air, cybernetic and spatial domains, which our adversaries have understood and sometimes already integrated. Warfare in the cognitive domain mobilizes a wider range of battle spaces than the physical and informational dimensions can do. Its field of action is global and aimed to seize control of human beings (civilian as well as military), organizations, and nations, but also of ideas, psychology, especially behavioral, thoughts, as well as the environment
Defining Cognitive Warfare
Historically, the term "cognitive warfare" has been referred to as the use of the means of action that a state or an influential group makes in order to manipulate the spontaneous mechanisms of the cognition of an enemy or its people, in order to weaken, penetrate, influence, or even subdue or destroy them.
Although it is an integral part of the military art, it is, in this sense, a new disciplinary field that requires to be better identified. It comes from the cyber techniques of information warfare, and from the human aspect of "soft power" (or influence), with the ambitions of manipulation of what we usually call “Psy-Ops" or Psychological Operations. It is most often a question of biased presentation of reality, most often digitally altered, to facilitate or enhance one's own goals. The pervasiveness of Information Technology and the lack of attribution offer infinite opportunities, paving the way to new methods and new objectives.
The massive explosion of behavioral data made available by the advent of social media has empowered researchers to make significant advances in the understanding of the dynamics of individuals and large groups online by combining system engineering with social sciences.
This area is what concerns me and many others the most, it ties into our next edition with Human Autonomy Teaming (HAT) and how big data is the new big oil, purchasing, analyzing, and implementing attack vectors based on a well-crafted target landscape of millions of people. HAT is an interesting toolkit that can be used in many operational settings bridging the gap between data and decision making like you have never seen before. It is AI at its best, crafting decisions that circumvent and outwit human cognition, leaving humans in confusion, distress, and at times often fighting wars they really have no real interest in. It is the underpinning of how social unrest begins. Being deployed not only on citizens in Western nations by their own governments to keep tabs on them via tracking and surveillance but are imparted by other nations on Western soil to cause chaos. Not only do we as civilians have our own governments involved in these atrocious acts on the people but we have foreign nations and actors implementing the same technologies so that we as Canadians or Americans assist them in overthrowing and destabilizing our own democracy without our knowledge.
Principles of Cognitive Warfare
According to Professor Bernard Claverieii , there are emerging theories of CW that address both notions such as resilience or weakness in "neuroscience", the use of "cognitive biases" and the spontaneous propensity for "cognitive error", manipulation of perceptions, attentional saturation or "tunneling", and induction of cognitive stress. The consequences are predictable on the ability and overcoming of mental operations, on social relations and motivations, and on institutional disorganization.
Cognitive warfare" represents the convergence of all the elements of “information warfare” expanded by operational notions of psychology and neuroscience, based on systemic and complexity theories at the service of warfare. It is at the interface of two operational fields that have been managed separately until now: on the one hand, psychological operations (PsyOps) and influence operations (soft power), and on the other hand, cyber operations (cyber defense technologies) that aim to compromise the integrity of physical means of information or to destroy them
The main principle is not only to follow a strategy and win without fighting (a principle dear to Sun Tzu), but it is also a war against what an opposing target thinks, likes, or believes by modifying its representations of reality. It is therefore a war against its ways of thinking, its mental logic, its spontaneous representations and its conceptual processes. The goal is to alter the representation of the world, but this has the consequence of undermining the whole of society in a very likely durable way.
Figure 1: Differences between "cognitive warfare" and "PsyOps" (in which psychological operations proper and other non-kinetic actions such as influence actions and civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) are simplified, as defined by Professor Bernard Claverie [7].
Brain as a Weapon
NBIC (Nanotechnology/ Biotechnology/ Information technology and Cognitive Science) is a scientific project that commits to the convergence of four domains that have been dissociated until now: nanotechnology (nanorobotical technology, nanosensors, nanostructures, energy...), biotechnology (bio-genomic technology, Crisp-Cas9, neuropharmacology...), computer science (information technology, computer science, microelectronics...) and cognitive (cognitive technology, cognitive science and neuropsychology). This project was formalized in 2002 thanks to the US Department of Defense, and was then followed by major international institutions and nations, for the convergence of future technologies.
Figure 2: Convergent technologies as defined for the US DoD in Roco and Bainbridge (2012) report [8]
Francois du Cluzel stated in Cognitive Warfare, a Battle for the Brain “The convergence of NBIC aims at developing tools to adapt or enhance individuals thanks to a real human system hybridity, in the fields of health, security, defense and with the objective of adapting to new biotopes (space, sea, deserts...).” the term hybrid appears often in documents outlines 6G and CW. We see it appear here under the discussion of nanotechnology “human system hybridity” which is a major component of HAT that aim to prioritize predictions of human behavior and decision making in operational settings. Today, we are witnessing a partial convergence of fields: computer science and health nanotechnologies/new chemical products to amplify cognition/implanted electronics, etc. The project is to eventually have an augmented human operator, or even a hybrid, with substances or nanotechnologies of amplification, resistance, and informational superiority. In other words, we are coming to the augmented soldier [7]. The augmented human operation is also a major facet of HAT as NATO and the global agenda work toward the transhumanistic agenda in developing the super soldier. We see targets of gangstalking often discussing remote technologies, DEWs, and other forms of harassment that align with many of the technologies being developed. The augmented human operator is the ultimate goal of mind control regardless of their unethical and illegal methods, this grants them the ability to move with zero accountability and impunity as these national security projects are not disclosed to normal daily functional areas of governments. We can also see the language here as they refer to this as ‘the project” which brings us back in time to MkUltra and there are nearly 50 subprojects that tool place with mind control.
Neuroscientific techniques and technologies that are being utilized for military efforts include:
1. Neural systems modeling and human/brain-machine interactive networks in intelligence, training and operational systems;
2. Neuroscientific and neurotechnological approaches to optimizing performance and resilience in combat and military support personnel;
3. Direct weaponization of neuroscience and neurotechnology.
The use of neuroscience and technology for military and intelligence purposes is realistic and represents a clear and present concern. Products of neuroscientific and neuro-technological research can be utilized to affect
1) memory, learning, and cognitive speed;
2) wake-sleep cycles, fatigue and alertness;
3) impulse control;
4) mood, anxiety, and self-perception;
5) decision-making;
6) trust and empathy;
7) and movement and performance (e.g., speed, strength, stamina, motor learning, etc.).
In military/warfare settings, modifying these functions can be utilized to mitigate aggression and foster cognitions and emotions of affiliation or passivity; induce morbidity, disability, or suffering; and “neutralize” potential opponents or incur mortality [9]
Techniques and Emerging Things: How is Sixth-Generation and Cognative Warfare Implemented.
Data is the new oil and this is nothing new to the reader or society at large. The mechanics of how and why the data is used and who is utilizing the data is paramount here. Sixth Generation and CW are only applicable if mass data sets are readily available to be transformed into empirical data through such experiments. Data is gathered and harvested when a) the consumer agrees via terms and conditions or is otherwise obtained in another manner. Most often in today’s times telemetric, biological, financial, and even neurological data via new EEG headsets and heart monitors are tranmissintng dangerous amounts of data that is utilized in such operations. From the Fitbit watch, gym equipment and IoT devices within homes, we are assisting in the gravitational pull towards the completion of transhumanism and the destruction of the human. Capturing rental or even facial recognition and translating that data into emotions via algorithmic software in these headsets is only one area that the CW landscape that has been covertly brought into the homes of civilians. All the data purchased legally or illegally is now evolving from micro-targeting to NANO targeting allowing for the targeting of individuals rather than groups of particular demographics. Big data and nano targeting collection of biometric data and a combination of extended reality are used to mess with us and manipulate us with the CW sphere. Cambridge Analytic Computing writes about big data DATA and micro-targeting and it’s used to modify our sensory perceptions which is a form of extended reality being implemented for targeting at an industrial scale. Biolaws are nowhere near where societies at large need them to be. With the emergence of virtual and augmented reality, mixed reality and the intersection of the three, now has us in a realm of extended reality where holographic real-time manipulations are taking place in front of our eyes. Often confusing the mind into believing what it sees is real. when rtut it is augmented snd nonexistent,. I ask you to YouTube Extended Reality and see real life-size cars pulling up beside humans as if they were the real thing. This is beyond what most have the capacity to understand in terms of the damage it is causing to individual cognition and the future landscape of warfare in the human race. The development of neuroweapons for CW is a key area of focus that I still need to unpack and research further. Neuroscience is not subject to any rules of international law. A neuroweapon that attacks the brain is neither a biological nor a bioweapon. As Dr. Giordano demonstrated, the two existing United Nations treaties -the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) - do not contain any provisions for neuroweapons. Indeed, the documents were not drafted to cover all emerging trends, which means that some weapons can only be regulated after they have been put into service [7].
When we come to a state where Nato Science and Technology Association designated cognitive warfare as the strategic main area, we are in a position where top-secret programs and technologies are simply incomprehensible. It is known that high-level academic institutions study advanced technologies and research that are 50 years ahead of what the general public is aware of. With that said, we are discussing NATO’s 6G Warfare and the use of CW with AI technologies like Human Autonomy Teaming which is a real-world real-time operational framework and toolkit designed to be used in predictive behavior analysis aimed at creating the autonomous more solid. The project is to eventually have an augmented human operator, or even a hybrid, with substances or nanotechnologies of amplification, resistance, and informational superiority. In other words, we are coming to the augmented soldier [7].
This is all being conducted within the disguise of the lexicon of language primarily with the guise of ‘national security.” nations battling nations, like get over it some of us are attuned to the fact that nations and highly secretive technological studies go far beyond what is on the books at NATO. We know there is not going to be a nuclear war that is often a threat carried out over people in nothing more than a form of street theatre and CW tactic. The wars happening around the world critics believe are nothing more than just that “street theatre.” Used to play to pull on the emotions of those within and outside of nations at war and in turn is a distraction and CW tactic of mind control. The global elitists are using their proxy wars as a smoke screen while behind that screen are mad scientists like the CIA Poisoner of Chief Sydney Gopli who poisoned and dosed his own operatives with LSD and had them jump from hotel windows to their death. We are at times far beyond LSD, depatterning, and psychic driving, however, we are implementing the psychosocial methodologies of the great like Edwards Bernays the nephew of Fraud who is responsible for transforming propaganda in a newly embraced lexicon of language coined “public relations.” Taking those crafty psychosocial controls tacking into the new neo-liberalistic stare as Chomplsy and other greats discuss, and integrating them into advancements such as neurological and biological warfare on citizens. Fvirtul
This episode is an introduction to Cognitive Warfare and how AI is used with Human Autonomy Teaming to bring forward a new revolutionary augmented soldier, all while the research is being conducted on test subjects under the guise of national security.
Sources
Al-Mujam Al-Waseet, The Arabic Language Academy, Al-Shorouk International Library, Egypt, 2004, 4th Edition, p. 163
Nahla Al-Hourani, Sixth Generation Wars, Al-Bawaba, accessed on 9/23/2022. Available on the link: https://www.albawabhnews.com
Sixth-generation wars and their impact on the national security of states
Roger McDermott , Russia’s Entry to Sixth-Generation Warfar: the Non Contact Experiment in Syria , The Jamestown Foundation : Global Research and Analysis , 29-5-2021 , see on : https://jamestown.org/program/russias-entry-to-sixth-generation-warfare the-non-contact-experiment-in-syria/
Abdel Qader El-Hawary, Wars of the Coming Century: Peace, Conflicts and Wars, 1st Edition, (Egypt: Plumania for Publishing and Distribution, 2019), p. 45
Qais Khalaf Rahima Al-Muhammadawi, a previously mentioned source, p. 177.
Cognitive Warfare, a Battle for the Brain Francois du Cluzel ACT Norfolk, Virginia
Roco, M.C., Bainbridge, W.S. (2003). Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance : Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information Technology and Cognitive Science. New-York (NY, USA): Springer-Verlag. v https://www.innovationhub-act.org/sites/default/files/docs/WoNS.pdf
https://www.innovationhub-act.org/sites/default/files/docs/WoNS.pdf